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 MANAGEMENT  OF CRIME: COMPETITION AND CRIME PREVENTION Competition and cooperation  Competition  and cooperation are both essential in society.During evolution there was very little cooperation in primate groups. However with the instinct of empathy and justice developing exchange of favours based on reciprocity developed. No animal society can cooperate based on reciprocity. Cooperation is thus fundamental to existence of human culture and society.   A society based on unrestrained giving is however self destructive. As per game theory mutant behaviour of self benefit soon arises and multiplies to destroy social cooperation. Competition thus means reciprocal give and take and avoiding one sided giving. However competition is today regarded as responsible for technological and economic progress in economy and society. A society without competition would regress into lethargy and stop innovation.    There are severe adverse effects of competition. Comp...

 MANAGEMENT OF JUSTICE : NEUROSCIENTIFIC BASIS OF CRIME The opposite of poverty is not wealth ,it is justice-Bryan stevenson Conflict is inevitable- Combat is optional-Unknown There is sufficiency in the world for man’s need but not for his greed-Mahatma Gandhi Neuroscience of social behaviour In primate societies there is a dominant male who has the lions share of food and sex. The rest of males and females have a subservient position. Groups of primates usually attack other groups for territorial and resource dominance.    During evolution of human societies the group dynamics ( game theory of power games)maintained by asymmetric power leading to a hierarchical society changed to an egalitarian group. Initially the instinct of altruism arose leading to sharing of food in the group. This allowed hunting as a group endeavour. Later it led to reciprocal exchange of favours . The second instinct  was related to parental attachment to the child along with strong sexual ...

 BIOLOGY :MANAGEMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS Mechanism of normal personality Each human behaves differently ,has a unique personality. However it is wrong to consider animals as without unique behaviour. This is so because though animals lack speech and abstract thinking ,behaviour is determined in the brain by very ancient neural networks present in all higher animals.    The Amygdala is an ancient network present in all mammals. It along with a few other centres in striatum determine all emotion and motivation behaviour.Emotions consist of detection neurons which detect contexts and associate them with favourable or unfavourable actions which are programmed.. Thus fear producing contexts need to be conditioned to painfull stimuli and must be aligned with withdrawal action. This conditioning circuit exists in amygdala at birth but the contexts are gradually built up by perception action cycles. Apart from fear animals have emotions of rage/ anger,frustration,exploration wher...

 MANAGEMENT OF PERSONAL FINANCE PART 2 The best investment on earth is earth-Louis Gluckman,real estate investor Introduction:Purchasing a house  Purchasing a house is probably the largest investment in lifetime for a middle class family. It is seen that middle class families invest 80% of their lifetime wealth in buying property. In contrast the lower income groups cannot do so and keep their wealth in bank accounts. Again the rich keep 80% of their savings in stocks and bonds. Purchase versus renting   The first decision before purchasing is whether to stay in a rented house or shift to a home after purchasing it.There are advantages in staying in a rented house. These include living in a neighbourhood near the office ,which frequently is a business district. Purchasing a house in the locality may be too expensive. However renting may be affordable  and allow easy commutation to the office which will be nearby. For example suppose a person stays near his office in ...

 MANAGEMENT OF PERSONAL FINANCE: PART 1 Retirement is finally the time to do what you have always wanted to do Pension plans: Introduction Our working life generally ends at 60years. Thereafter our salary stops coming every month and we have to make arrangements for money by saving it during our working life ,generally 25 years to 60year period.     Till late 1980s there was a pension given to retirees every month. This the government arranged through taxation or private firms  from their profits. However especially in developed countries the population is age ing rapidly as a result of which the increasingly smaller working age group population have to be taxed heavily to provide pension for the aged.To obviate this in many developed nations the age of retirement is being raised so that pension provision by employer can be delayed.    As a result there is a shift to employee contributory pension where the employee saves a portion of his salary during ...

HISTORY OF  INDIAN DEEP STATE PART 3 I am a nationalist. I am a patriot. Nothing is wrong. I am a born Hindu. Nothing is wrong.So you can say I am a Hindu nationalist because I am a born Hindu. Nothing is wrong in it- Narendra modi Liberalisation ,globalization,privatization By the year 1990 the Indian economy was in a bad shape. There was massive macroeconomic instability and inflation. The partial liberalisation by Rajiv Gandhi had led to massive foreign loans and a balance of payment crisis. In the meantime the soviet model had collapsed and global capital was entering everywhere backed by American dollarisation. The congress government of Narasimha Rao took the crisis as an opportunity and abolished the entire license permit raj,reduced customs duty,abolished reservation in small scale labour intensive manufacturing. These had an immediate effect on private industry and investment and economy started growing by 7%.   However the rapid expansion of labour intensive industri...